The Performance Pipe Field Handbook

NOTICE .....................................................................................................	8
INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................	10
CAUTIONS AND NOTICE ......................................................................	11
Fusion and Joining ...................................................................................	11
Leakage At Fusion Joints .......................................................................	11
Liquid Hydrocarbon Permeation ............................................................	11
Weight, Unloading and Handling ............................................................	12
Testing .......................................................................................................	12
Protection Against Shear and Bending Loads .....................................	12
Subfreezing Temperatures .....................................................................	13
Static Electricity ........................................................................................	13
Electric Tools ............................................................................................	14
Coils ..........................................................................................................	14
Locating ....................................................................................................	15
Burial .........................................................................................................	15
Application Limitations ............................................................................	15
M & I PRODUCTS AND FEATURES ....................................................	16
Identification Stripes and Colors ............................................................	18
Typical Physical Properties ....................................................................	19
Pressure Rating Design ..........................................................................	22
Pressure Surge ........................................................................................	24
Pressure Class (PC) ...............................................................................	24
Working Pressure Rating (WPR) ...........................................................	25
WPR for Typical Operating Conditions .................................................	26
WPR for Other Operating Conditions ....................................................	26
Chemical Resistance ..............................................................................	27
FLUID FLOW ............................................................................................	28
Air Binding and Vacuum Release ..........................................................	28
Inside Diameter ........................................................................................	28
Hazen-Williams ........................................................................................	29
Manning .....................................................................................................	30
Comparative Flows for Slipliners ...........................................................	32
Compressible Gas Flow .........................................................................	36
Fitting and Valve Friction Losses ..........................................................	37
THERMAL EFFECTS .............................................................................	38
Unrestrained Thermal Effects .................................................................	38
End Restrained Thermal Effects ............................................................	38
Expansion Joints ......................................................................................	41
Heat Transfer ...........................................................................................	41
ABOVE GRADE SUPPORTING ............................................................	42
Support Spacing ......................................................................................	44
BURIED PIPE DESIGN ...........................................................................	47
Groundwater Flotation .............................................................................	47
WATER ENVIRONMENT DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS ....................	47
External Hydraulic Pressure ....................................................................	48
Submergence Weighting ........................................................................	49
Floating Pipelines ....................................................................................	53
RECEIVING AND HANDLING ................................................................	58
Receiving Inspection ................................................................................	58
Unloading ..................................................................................................	59
Pre-Installation Storage ...........................................................................	60
Cold Weather Handling ...........................................................................	62
JOINING & CONNECTIONS ...................................................................	63
General Procedures ................................................................................	64
Heat Fusion Joining .................................................................................	65
Electrofusion .............................................................................................	69
Extrusion Welding ....................................................................................	69
Hot Gas Welding ......................................................................................	70
Mechanical Connections .........................................................................	70
Flange Connection ...................................................................................	73
Flange Assembly .....................................................................................	78
Special Cases ..........................................................................................	80
Pipe Threads ............................................................................................	82
Pullout Resistant Mechanical Joints .......................................................	82
Partially Restrained Joints ......................................................................	84
Branch Connections ................................................................................	85
Repair Sleeves .........................................................................................	87
Repair Connections .................................................................................	87
UNDERGROUND INSTALLATION ........................................................	88
Pipe Embedment Terminology ...............................................................	89
Trenching ..................................................................................................	90
Placing Pipe in the Trench ......................................................................	93
Cold (Field) Bending ...............................................................................	93
Installing Fabricated Fittings ...................................................................	94
Pipe Embedment Soils ...........................................................................	95
Embedment Backfilling............................................................................	95
Joint Restraining with Thrust Blocks.......................................................	96
Controlling Shear and Bending Loads...................................................	96
Final Backfilling ........................................................................................	99
Poisson Effects ........................................................................................	99
The Poisson Effect ...................................................................................	100
Connection Restraint Techniques ..........................................................	101
Pullout Prevention Techniques................................................................	102
Pullout Force .............................................................................................	103
Special Underground Installation Techniques .......................................	104
Sliplining.....................................................................................................	109
Proprietary Trenchless Rehabilitation ....................................................	114
SURFACE INSTALLATIONS..................................................................	115
ABOVE GRADE INSTALLATIONS........................................................	117
UNDERWATER INSTALLATION ...........................................................	119
INSPECTION AND TESTING .................................................................	120
Damage Assessment...............................................................................	120
Leak Testing ............................................................................................	121
OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES ...............................................................	122
Disinfecting Water Mains ........................................................................	122
Cleaning.....................................................................................................	123
GENERAL INFORMATION .....................................................................	124
INDEX .......................................................................................................	130

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The Performance Pipe Field Handbook

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